In the Sumba Barat district and Laboya Barat sub-districts
of Eastern Indonesia, rates of stunting are extremely high: 40% and 49%
respectively. Stunting is the impaired growth and development that children
experience when exposed to poor nutrition, repeated infection, and inadequate
psychosocial stimulation. It is one of the most extreme indicators of
malnutrition.
These problems are linked to several long-term issues impacting
the target communities:
Previous SurfAid interventions in the target areas tackled
many health and sanitation issues which contributed to malnutrition and
stunting. However low access to nutritious foods and poor feeding practices
remained challenging.
This project worked to help the community gain access to
more nutritious foods, by growing nutrient-rich ‘food crops’ to eat, and by
growing ‘cash crops’ to sell, in order to buy nutritious foods that are locally
unavailable. Research shows that simply having access to nutritious food is not
enough to improve health - people have to want to eat it! So this project also
worked to change communities’ behaviour, by increasing knowledge about basic
nutrition, and providing coaching for parents on healthy feeding practices for
their children.
Key project activities and results
The $15,000 raised by the Footprints Network for this project was used to:
- Establish demonstration farms; and
- Provide training on nutrition-sensitive agriculture.
This project contributed to the establishment of three demonstration farms in these remote communities (two in Sumba, one in Bima), where SurfAid has begun introducing nutrition-sensitive agriculture concepts, as well as new farming technologies and techniques, to local farmers. The demonstration farms provide an important opportunity to teach farmers about the links between agriculture and nutrition. SurfAid has run five workshops on nutrition-sensitive agriculture in Bima, and four workshops in Sumba, increasing 467 local farmers’ knowledge about the nutritional value of crops, as well as how to cultivate their land using organic locally-produced fertilisers instead of chemicals, to further enhance nutritional outcomes.
To date, we have delivered training and coaching for all 32 Posyandu (‘community health posts’) in the target areas, to align them with government standards on health and nutrition, monitoring and case management of malnourished children, and specifically focused on the first 1,000 days of life. The first 1,000 days of life - the time spanning roughly between conception and one’s second birthday - is a unique period of opportunity when the foundations of optimum health, growth, and neurodevelopment across a person’s entire lifespan are established. While the human brain continues to develop and change throughout life, the most rapid periods of brain growth occur in the last trimester of pregnancy and the first two years of life. Nutrition is key to this.
In Sumba Barat we conducted training sessions on:
- Infant and child feeding for health staff;
- Follow up training on infant and child feeding in Posyandu;
- Training on ‘nutrition & food material’ for Farmers Groups; and
- Training for kaders (‘community health volunteers’) on growth monitoring.
We have also commenced running cooking classes for local parents, with the concept of ‘learning by doing’. Parents were invited to study together while also practising what they learn. The series of activities began with an opening from the village government. Then, we proceeded with a brainstorming session about “Uma Gizi” which helps parents to understand the role of the types of food in their child's growth process. Before proceeding with the cooking practice, participants were invited to identify the availability of the types of food discussed in the Uma Gizi, using pictures from the environment around their homes. This process aims to introduce nutritious local food sources that can be used as MP-ASI (complementary food to breast milk) for toddlers.
“I am happy to be able to learn firsthand how to make food for children from my own garden. The menu is delicious but also healthy. Such a win-win!”
Theodora - A mother of toddler & cooking class participant
Project partners and community involvement
SurfAid’s approach includes a focus on securing ongoing
village and/or government funding and support. When communities and local
governments provide funding or support for activities, it increases their local
ownership, which in turn increases security and maintenance of the equipment
and crops, decreasing risk of damage or neglect, and increases sustainability.
The government has been highly enthusiastic about the programme’s results to
date and are supportive of a scale-up to surrounding villages. This is a strong
positive indictment of the programme’s results and relevance, and bodes well
for its sustainability.
Part of a larger strategy
This project contributed to SurfAid’s overarching 6 year
project called NusaTani (meaning ‘Farming Islands’ in Bahasa Indonesia),
working to tackle poverty, stunting and malnutrition at a household level
through nutrition-sensitive agriculture.
Nutrient intake and health status at the level of the
individual are the immediate determinants of nutritional status, which is
determined by three broad factors:
Food: access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to support
a healthy, active life.
Health: including the health environment in terms of
pathogens and environmental contaminants, water, and sanitation; and access
to health services.
Care: child feeding and care practices, and care of women.
Good nutrition includes getting the right quantity of good
quality and diverse foods all year. These foods must be handled and stored
safely to avoid causing illness.
SurfAid implements activities in the areas of food production,
agricultural income and women's empowerment to ensure all factors that
influence nutrition are addressed.
This project is one of many smaller projects that all
contribute to improving food security and nutrition for remote Indonesian
communities.
Thank you for your support!
Project Background
In the Sumba Barat district and Laboya Barat sub-district of Indonesia poverty rates are significantly higher than the national level, at 29.34% and 63% respectively. A further 20% of the population are ‘near-poor’ and extremely vulnerable to shocks.
Stunting is the impaired growth and development that children experience from poor nutrition, repeated infection, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation. It is one of the most extreme indicators of malnutrition and in both Parado (40%) and Laboya Barat (49%) the rate of stunting is incredibly high. Several long term issues impacting this population include:
- Frequent and high disease burden,
- Limited access to food supply,
- Poor feeding practices; and/or
- Low household socioeconomic status.
Stunting in children reflects socioeconomic conditions that are not conducive to good health and nutrition. Poverty and vulnerability cause a negative cycle where poor farmers are less able, and less willing, to invest in agriculture or income-generating activities.
Low productivity means there are less food crops available for consumption (contributing to poor diet, poor health and malnutrition); and also less cash crops available for sale, contributing to low income, and reducing the economic access to food (exacerbating poor diet, poor health and malnutrition).
Previous SurfAid interventions in the target areas have tackled many health and sanitation issues. Now a focus on food production is needed.
Project Activities
This project will set up 2 demonstration farms to provide a platform for showing and teaching appropriate technologies, and space to test new methods against traditional methods. The farms are open ‘classrooms’ showcasing good agricultural practices. Farmers can learn new ways of doing things without having to do it immediately on their own farms, thus eliminating the perceived risks of losing their livelihoods.
Agriculture is the main source of food and income for the remote target communities in Sumba and Sumbawa in Indonesia. Improved agriculture production can help to improve nutrition by providing access to diverse, nutritious crops, but also by improving purchasing power so that families can buy nutritious food.
Poor farmers living in remote locations are extremely risk averse. They often have difficulty believing in the effectiveness of introduced practices, and are reluctant to adopt them. Looking at things from their perspective, if crops fail after trying a new approach, they are left with nothing.
Project Objectives
Objectives:
- To increase the uptake of good agriculture practices
- To implement 2 functioning demonstration farms
- To train farmers on nutrition sensitive agricultural practices
5 year aims:
- Decreased wasting, under-nutrition and stunting of children under 5 years old
- Increased income through agriculture for smallholder farmers
Partners and Community Involvement
SurfAid in Indonesia will work together with the local government and the communities of Parado and Laboya Barat.
Part of a Larger Strategy
This project fits in the overarching 5 year project called NUSATANI (farming islands) to tackle poverty, stunting and malnutrition at household level through nutrition sensitive agriculture.
Nutrient intake and health status at the level of the individual are the immediate determinants of nutritional status, which is determined by three broad factors:
Food: access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to support a healthy, active life.
Health: including (a) the health environment in terms of pathogens and environmental contaminants, water, and sanitation; and (b) access to health services.
Care: child feeding and care practices and care of women.
Good nutrition includes getting the right quantity of good quality and diverse foods all year. These foods must be handled and stored safely to avoid causing illness.
SurfAid implements activities in the areas of food production, agricultural income and women's empowerment to ensure all factors that influence nutrition status are addressed.